Texas PPR (Pedagogy and Professional Responsibilities) Practice Test

Which concept is NOT part of Erikson's psychosocial stages?

1. Autonomy and Shame

2. Identity and Role Confusion

3. Intimacy and Isolation

4. Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Reasoning

The correct answer is: Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Reasoning

The correct answer is that Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Reasoning is not part of Erikson's psychosocial stages. Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory consists of eight stages that outline the challenges individuals face throughout their lives, focusing on social and emotional development. Each stage is characterized by a central conflict that individuals must navigate to develop a healthy personality and acquire basic virtues. Kohlberg, on the other hand, developed a theory of moral development that focuses specifically on how individuals understand and reason about moral dilemmas. This framework is distinct and addresses moral reasoning rather than psychosocial conflict. In contrast, the other concepts listed, such as autonomy and shame, identity and role confusion, and intimacy and isolation, are indeed part of Erikson's stages. Each of these concepts corresponds to specific stages in his theory—autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs in early childhood, identity vs. role confusion happens during adolescence, and intimacy vs. isolation occurs in young adulthood.